China
View country profileWhat has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?
What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?
Sources
France
View country profileWhat has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?
France stopped the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons in 1992 (plutonium) and 1996 (highly enriched uranium). It proceeded to the dismantlement of the facilities producing weapon-related fissile material. This dismantlement became irreversible in the 2000s.
Several visits have been organised on the sites of Marcoule and Pierrelatte for diplomats and media (2008 and 2009).
What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?
France continues to work on the technical dismantlement of the last reactors of Marcoule and to clean up the zone of the former facility.
Sources
Working paper submitted by France. Dismantling of plants for the production of fissile material for nuclear weapons. NPT/CONF.2010/WP.37. 12 April 2010. https://reachingcriticalwill.org/images/documents/Disarmament-fora/npt/revcon2010/documents/WP37.pdf
National Report submitted by France. Report submitted by France under actions 5, 20 and 21 of the Final Document of the 2010 Review Conference of the Parties to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (2022–2026). NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2. 7 March 2025, https://docs.un.org/en/NPT/CONF.2026/PC.III/2
Russia
View country profileWhat has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?
What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?
Sources
United Kingdom
View country profileWhat has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?
What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?
Sources
United States
View country profileWhat has the NWS done so far (prior to the current Review Cycle)?
Many of the United States’ fissile material production facilities were largely shuttered during or immediately after the Cold War.
The United States maintained two plutonium production complexes during the Cold War: the Hanford Site in Washington and the Savannah River Site in South Carolina. Other sites, including Rocky Flats in Colorado, were responsible for the fabrication of plutonium pits rather than the production of the material itself and are therefore not covered by this Action.
The Hanford plutonium production reactors, which manufactured the plutonium that was used in the majority of US nuclear weapons during the Cold War, were shut down between 1964 and 1971, with Hanford’s dual-purpose N Reactor eventually shutting down in 1987. Following the decommissioning of the Hanford Site, the United States initiated a significant environmental clean-up effort to mitigate harms related to nuclear waste generated by the site. The Savannah River Site reactors, which were also used to manufacture plutonium and tritium for military use, were shut down by 1988. In 1992, President George H. W. Bush announced that the United States would no longer produce fissile material for nuclear weapons.
What is the NWS doing on this action in the current Review Cycle?
The United States largely completed the process of dismantlement or conversion of fissile material production facilities prior to the current Review Cycle.
During the current Review Cycle, the United States has continued with environmental remediation and cleanup efforts at its historic fissile material production facilities, including at the Hanford Site, where by the end of 2024 workers had finished removing more than 3 million gallons of radioactive waste.
While the United States is not producing new plutonium for weapons programs, it intends to significantly upscale its capability to fabricate plutonium pits using reserve plutonium at two sites: Los Alamos National Laboratory and the Savannah River Site. Between these two sites, the United States intends to produce no fewer than 80 pits per year once construction and modernization at the two facilities is complete.
In addition, the United States continues to produce tritium at the Watts Bar Nuclear Power Station––a civilian reactor that has produced tritium for the U.S. nuclear programme since 2004. Moreover, in 2026 the Trump administration announced the commitment of $2.7 billion to support U.S.-based uranium enrichment.
Sources
U.S. Department of Energy. ‘The Hanford Site: Understand the PAST’. https://www.hanford.gov/page.cfm/understandPAST.
U.S. Department of Energy. ‘The Hanford Site: Discover the PRESENT’. https://www.hanford.gov/page.cfm/discoverPresent.
U.S. Department of Energy. ‘Savannah River Site History 1950-1989’. https://www.energy.gov/srs/savannah-river-site-history-1950-1989.
Bush, George H. W., ‘Statement on Nuclear Nonproliferation Efforts: 13 July 1992,’, Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: George H. W. Bush, Book I, https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PPP-1992-book1/html/PPP-1992-book1-doc-pg1110-2.htm.
U.S. Department of Energy. ‘Plutonium Pit Production at SRS’. National Nuclear Security Administration. https://www.srs.gov/general/news/factsheets/SRS_SRPPF_Fact%20Sheet_r8.pdf.
U.S. Department of Energy. ‘U.S. Department of Energy Awards $2.7 Billion to Restore American Uranium Enrichment’. 5 January 2026. https://www.energy.gov/articles/us-department-energy-awards-27-billion-restore-american-uranium-enrichment.